The cultural and spiritual heart of Nepal
Gateway to the spiritual, cultural and historical world of the Himalayas, Kathmandu is the largest city in Nepal and the capital of the country that combines ancient history and modernity, fascinating travelers for centuries. Kathmandu, along with the cities of Patan and Bhaktapur, is located in the Kathmandu Valley, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1979. The three ancient cities (Kathmandu, Patan and Bhaktapur) are home to the seven monuments and buildings of the Kathmandu Valley Cultural Heritage which include the Durbar squares of Hanuman Dhoka (Kathmandu), Patan and Bhaktapur, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Bauddhanath and the Hindu temples of Pashupati and Changu Narayan.
Kathmandu in the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal Copyright © Sisterscom.com / Depositphotos
Kathmandu has long been the hub of Nepalese culture, and its cultural heritage dates back thousands of years. According to legend, the Kathmandu Valley was once a huge lake, drained by Bodhisattva Manjushri (in Tibetan Buddhism it is supreme wisdom, as an archetypal force), who created a passage between the mountains with a single sword stroke. But it was the Newar, the original inhabitants, who built splendid palaces, ornate pagodas and majestic stupas in the Kathmandu Valley. The first rulers of the valley were the Gopala and Kirati dynasties followed by the Licchavi (300-879 AD). Over the centuries, Kathmandu flourished as a commercial and religious center, attracting pilgrims and merchants from all over Asia. Today, this region is renowned for its extraordinary contribution to art, spirituality, and architecture. Although it has grown rapidly in recent decades, it maintains a unique atmosphere, where ancient traditions coexist in harmony with the present.
Kathmandu, Nepal Copyright © Sisterscom.com / Depositphotos
Religious art, typical decorations, and spiritual rituals are everywhere, giving Kathmandu a deeply sacred character. In addition, the city is a starting point for exploring the Himalayas and Mount Everest (8848.86 m a.s.l.) as well as offering special trekking circuits and numerous cultural festivals that celebrate the religious and social life of Nepal. A trip to Kathmandu allows you to walk among ancient temples, majestic stupas and crowded markets in a continuous flow of life that characterizes every corner of the city. On the one hand, chaotic streets filled with tuk-tuks, three-wheeled vehicles called tempos, motorcycles, and on the other, centuries-old temples and stupas that exude a sense of peace and spirituality. Every corner of the city offers a new discovery, both for cultural experiences and immersion in deep spiritual introspection.
For a few hours of leisure, late-night activities or shopping, you can reach Thamel, a 10-minute walk from Kathmandu city centre. It is an area exclusively dedicated to tourists with hotels, restaurants, bars, cybercafes, bookstores, shops for shopping for trekking and mountaineering equipment, travel accessories and souvenirs. Freak Street (Jhochhen Tole) is also worth a visit, which in the 60s and 70s was the heart of Kathmandu's hippie counterculture, a meeting point for travelers looking for alternative spiritual and cultural experiences, often related to meditation and Buddhism. Today, it still retains some of its bohemian soul, with cafes, shops and craft vendors echoing the laid-back vibe of those times.
The best time to take a trip to Nepal is during the dry season which runs from October to May. The Kathmandu Valley is characterized by a temperate climate with a temperature that does not exceed 34 degrees Celsius even during the scorching summer months and does not drop below 3 degrees Celsius in winter. To get there, you can fly directly to Tribhuvan International Airport in the Kathmandu Valley and then take a bus or drive to Kathmandu. For your stay, you can opt for different solutions, from five-star hotels, to resorts to modest accommodations with modern facilities available both in the Kathmandu Valley and in the surrounding area.
The top 10 must-see attractions in Kathmandu are:
1. Kathmandu Durbar Square
Kathmandu's Durbar Square, declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, is the historical and cultural heart of the city, as well as one of its major tourist attractions. The square, also known as Basantapur Durbar and Hanuman Dhoka, is a crossroads of wooden statues, ancient palaces, temples, shrines, and monuments that date back to different periods of Nepalese history. The square, built in the Licchavi period (from the fourth to the eighth century AD) and extended to King Pratap Malla in the seventeenth century, was the political and administrative center of the kingdom of the Malla and, later, of the Shahs. Among the most impressive structures, Hanuman Dhoka Palace is a testament to ancient dynasties, with distinctive architectural details and stories of kings who ruled Nepal. The Kumari Ghar, home of the living Goddess Kumari (incarnation of Goddess Taleju Bhawani), is a place of great religious importance where you can explore the inner courtyard and, with a bit of luck, witness one of the rare public appearances of the Goddess Kumari. During festivals such as Indra Jatra, the square becomes the beating heart of the celebrations, with processions, traditional dances and religious rituals.
2. Taleju Bhawani Temple
The Taleju Bhawani Temple is one of the holiest and most majestic in Kathmandu. Built in 1549 AD by King Mahendra Malla , it is dedicated to the goddess Taleju Bhawani, the tutelary deity of the Malla dynasty. Located within Kathmandu's Durbar Square, the temple stands out for its impressive three-story architecture and distinctive sculptures. Although access is reserved exclusively for Hindus, tourists can take in the beauty of the temple from the outside. This sacred place is considered one of the most important symbols of royal power, and during the Dashain religious festival, the temple becomes a center of worship for thousands of worshippers and is open to the public. The temple is one of the most impressive structures in the city and is a fascinating example of Nepalese religious architecture.
3. Swayambhunath Stupa (Monkey Temple)
The Swayambhunath Stupa, also known as the Monkey Temple, is one of the most revered sacred sites of Buddhism in Nepal. The ancient stupa dominates the Kathmandu Valley from a verdant hill 3 km west of Kathmandu and offers a breathtaking view of the city. This stupa is considered the oldest religious site in the valley and is believed to date back to 460 AD when it was built by King Manadeva and later, in the thirteenth century, became an important center of Buddhism. Pilgrims, as well as tourists, climb the 365 steps that lead to the top to perform the ritual of kora: circling the stupa clockwise, rotating the prayer wheels. The stupa is decorated with the all-seeing eyes of the Buddha, a symbol of universal awareness. Around the stupa are small temples, Buddha statues, and a myriad of colorful prayer flags that flutter in the wind, creating an atmosphere of peace and serenity. To admire: the gold-plated Vajra "lightning" set on the east side of the stupa; the Buddha statue on the west side of Swayambhu; the sleeping Buddha; the Dewa Dharma monastery (preserves a bronze icon of Buddha and traditional Tibetan paintings); the temple dedicated to Harati, the goddess of all children.
4. Boudha Stupa
The Boudha Stupa is one of the largest in the world and the center of Buddhist spirituality. Boudha Stupa is located in Boudhanath about 8 kilometers east of the capital and is one of Kathmandu's most impressive monuments, visible as soon as you land at Tribhuvan International Airport. It is the largest stupa in the Kathmandu Valley and is the center of Himalayan Buddhism. This immense stupa, with its white dome and the Buddha's eyes peering in all directions, is the beating heart of the Tibetan community in exile in Nepal. Every day, hundreds of Tibetan pilgrims and monks circle the monument, reciting mantras and spinning prayer wheels. The site has an ancient history and has been an important stop for Tibetan merchants on the trade route to India for centuries. Today, Boudhanath is surrounded by Buddhist monasteries and Tibetan handicraft shops, where you can buy thangkas (painted or embroidered Buddhist banners), jewelry, and other spiritual items. The best time to visit Boudhanath is at sunset, when the stupa is lit by oil lamps and the atmosphere is charged with mysticism.
5. Pashupatinath Temple
Pashupatinath Temple is one of the holiest Hindu temples in the world, dedicated to the God Shiva (one of the main deities of Hinduism) in his form of Pashupati, "lord of animals". The temple is surrounded by the Slesh Mantak forest inhabited by monkeys and deer bred in captivity to worship the animal form that Lord Shiva assumed according to the Swasthani Brata Katha (Hindu epic poem originating in Nepal). The temple is located on the banks of the Bagmati River and is an important pilgrimage center, especially during the Shivaratri festival , when thousands of devotees from all over Nepal and India go to the temple to honor Shiva. One of the most unique aspects of the site are the cremations that take place along the banks of the river, following ancient Hindu rituals. The main complex is only accessible to Hindus, but non-Hindus can watch the funeral ceremonies and stroll through the complex's many small temples and shrines. Devotees also travel to this temple every fortnight on the eleventh day of the lunar month of Ekadashi, especially the Harishayani Ekadashi in Ashadh (June/July) and the Haribodhini Ekadashi in Kartik (October/November).
6. Garden of Dreams
The Garden of Dreams is a peaceful retreat in the heart of Kathmandu, away from the hustle and bustle of the city streets and is located at the entrance to Thamel and is a part of the Kaiser Mahal complex. This neoclassical garden, created in the early twentieth century, is a great place to relax and reflect, with its elegant gardens, ponds and fountains. Designed by architect Kaiser Sumsher Rana, the garden offers a glimpse into Nepal's colonial past, with its ornate pavilions, shaded walkways, and spaces for relaxation. The garden has recently been restored, bringing back its original charm, ideal for a rejuvenating break after a day of exploring the city. Inside you can also find a restaurant where you can enjoy a cup of tea or a light lunch, immersed in an atmosphere of absolute tranquility.
7. Asan Market Square
Asan Market Square is located in the heart of the old city, halfway on Kathmandu's main street that connects Durbar Square with Durbar Marg, and is a vibrant place where local culture manifests itself in all its richness. Asan Market is one of the oldest and liveliest markets in Kathmandu. Here you can find spices, textiles, traditional utensils and a variety of local products that are a real window into the daily life of the Nepalese people. The market is also an important trade crossroads for merchants who come from various parts of the Kathmandu Valley. During major holidays, the Asan Market becomes even livelier, with festive and festive stalls selling religious items and temple decorations. A walk through Asan is a unique sensory experience, with the scents of spices and the voices of merchants mingling in the air, creating an authentic and fascinating atmosphere. The three-story pagoda-style Annapurna (grain goddess) temple is also located here.
8. National Museum of Nepal
The National Museum of Nepal is located in Kathmandu and is the largest museum in the country, displaying weapons, statues, artwork, murals, and collections of various natural species that showcase Nepal's cultural and natural heritage. Located in Chhauni near Swayambhu, the building that houses the National Museum was once the residence of the Prime Minister of Nepal, Bhimsen Thapa of Dharahara. The museum exhibits statues, wood carvings, paintings, Buddhist art objects, a collection of ancient Nepalese religious art, historical weapons, a sword donated by Napoleon III, a Tibetan leather cannon, a numismatics section, a collection of ancient objects, thangkas from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries as well as remains of ruins found during archaeological excavations.
9. Kirtipur
The small hill town of Kirtipur is located about 8 kilometers from Kathmandu and is an ancient Newar city (of natives, dating back to 1099 AD) with cobbled streets and typical traditional red brick houses and tiled roofs with the Himalayas in the background. The main attractions of Kirtipur are the Chilamchu Stupa and the Bagh Bhairab Temple with Gurkha weapons on display. After visiting the temples you can also walk in Manjushree Park, hike to Chobhar Gorge or go birdwatching at Lake Taudaha. In one of the several restaurants you can stop to enjoy the delicious Newari cuisine or participate in traditional Jatra (in Nepali) events such as Indrayani Jatra in November and December and Bagh Bhairab Jatra in August. At the foot of Kirtipur is also the oldest university in Nepal, Tribhuvan University.
10. Patan Durbar Square
Patan's UNESCO World Heritage-listed Durbar Square is another must-see historical square for its stunning Newari architecture and is located about 7 kilometers from Kathmandu. Patan, also known as Lalitpur, is one of the oldest cities in Nepal and has maintained a strong connection with its artistic traditions. Among the most significant monuments, the Krishna Mandir Temple is known for its characteristic stone carvings, while the Royal Palace of Patan (converted into a museum) houses an extraordinary collection of religious art and sculptures. Patan is also famous for its local artisans, who specialize in metalworking and stonework. A walk through the artisan workshops offers the opportunity to buy unique works of art and learn more about the skill of local artisans.
Texts by Alisè Vitri - Avion Tourism Magazine
Photos and visuals for editorial use only: Copyright © Sisterscom.com / Depositphotos
All rights reserved. Reproduction is prohibited. Copyright © Sisterscom.com
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Where to stay in Kathmandu
Kathmandu at night, Nepal Copyright © Sisterscom.com / Depositphotos
Kathmandu offers different and particular accommodation possibilities between hotels, apartments, hostels or capsule hotels.
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TOURS AND EXCURSIONS IN Kathmandu
Kathmandu offers several tours and excursions that allow you to explore the history, culture, nature and spirituality of Nepal's fascinating capital. In fact, every corner of the city and its surroundings is steeped in centuries-old traditions, spirituality and breathtaking views. One of the best ways to start a tour of the city is to visit its historical temples and shrines, which form the cultural and religious heart of Kathmandu such as the Pashupatinath Temple, the Stupas of Swayambhunath and Boudhanath.
For those looking to explore the Kathmandu Valley in more depth, there are tours that include visits to the ancient cities of Patan and Bhaktapur, renowned for their historic squares and Newari architecture. These cities offer the chance to immerse yourself in Nepal's artistic traditions, admiring royal palaces, temples, and local artworks. Patan is famous for its artisans who specialize in metalworking, while Bhaktapur retains a quieter and more authentic atmosphere, with pottery workshops and wood carvings.
For adventure and nature lovers, Kathmandu is the ideal starting point for hiking and trekking. One of the most popular routes is the one that leads to Nagarkot, a town located a few kilometers from the city, from where you can admire the majesty of the Himalayas, including a close-up view of Mount Everest on clear days. The more adventurous can opt for longer and more challenging treks near Shivapuri National Park, an unspoiled natural area that offers the chance to spot local flora and fauna.
For a touch of adventurous adrenaline, you can join a flight by small aircraft or helicopter to admire the Kathmandu Valley and the peaks of the Himalayas from a unique perspective. These scenic flights offer an unforgettable experience, allowing you to enjoy spectacular views without the physical effort of trekking.
For those interested in a spiritual journey to Kathmandu, they can opt for a yoga and meditation center that offers spiritual retreats with specialized yoga and meditation courses, ideal for those looking for a rejuvenating break of body and spirit and an opportunity to delve deeper into Tibetan Buddhism.
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Tour of the 7 Unesco sites in the Kathmandu Valley
Temple in Bhaktapur Copyright © Sisterscom.com / Depositphotos
Group or private tour with a guide to discover the seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites of the Kathmandu Valley. The visit to the seven sites includes: Durbar Squares of the three cities of Kathmandu, Patan and Bhaktapur and the religious temples of Swayambhu, Bouddha, Pashupati and Changu Narayan. Hotel pick-up. Duration 4 - 8 hours. Cancellation up to 24 hours in advance and full refund. Info and tour booking.
Street food in Kathmandu
Momo dumplings in Kathmandu, street food Copyright © Sisterscom.com / Depositphotos
Walking food tour in the streets of Kathmandu with expert guide to discover Nepalese cuisine and its street food. You can taste: Momo ravioli; Thukpa; Panipuri; Chow Chow Sadheko; sweet Jalebi; the traditional drink Lassi; milk tea masala. Nepalese delicacies and drinks during the tour are included in the price. Duration 3 hours. Cancellation up to 24 hours in advance and full refund. Info and booking of the tour.
Mountain Meditation & Yoga Retreat in Kathmandu
Yoga in Kathmandu, in the mountains with a view of the Himalayas Copyright © Sisterscom.com / Depositphotos
One or three-day yoga and meditation retreat, for a spiritual experience in Kathmandu. Up to 2 nights and 3 days at Nepal Yoga Home Retreat in Goldhunga, Kathmandu. Instructors and experienced staff to relax your mind and body. In-depth study of asanas, pranayama, meditation, breathing, chanting, philosophy and reiki healing therapy. Lunch and dinner is supported by the Sattvik diet with vegetarian dishes. Nights in a deluxe room in the resort with private bathroom and shower. Hotel pickup and drop-off. Duration from 8 hours to 3 days. Cancellation up to 24 hours in advance and full refund. Info and booking of the tour.
6 Days Trek from Kathmandu to Mardi Himal Mountain
Mardi Himal, a peak of 5,587 meters in the Annapurna region of Nepal Copyright © Sisterscom.com / Depositphotos
6-day guided trek with a certified guide on the Mardi Himal departing from Kathmandu. During the trek: you willpass through forests with rhododendrons and oaks; you will climb to the High Camp with panoramic views of the Annapurna range; you will discover the Mardi Himal Base Camp; you will descend through villages such as Gurung and Lumre to Pokhara. Included in the tour: hotel pickup and drop-off by car; government permits; 2 night stay in standard hotel in Pokhara; during the trek accommodation in lodges / teahouses of tourist standard; first aid kit; Bag and trekking poles (if required). Duration 6 days. Cancellation up to 24 hours in advance and full refund. Info and booking of the tour.
Everest Scenic Flight from Kathmandu
Everest, Himalayas, Nepal Copyright © Sisterscom.com / Depositphotos
Depart from Kathmandu airport for a flight into the mountains to discover the Himalayan landscape. 1-hour flight to admire the following mountains: Gosainthan (known as Shisha Pangma, 8,013 meters); the Dorje Lhakpa (7,000 meters); the Phurbi Chyachu; the Buddha Air Mountin Choba Bhamare; the Gauri Sankar; the mountains of Melungtse and Chugimago; the Numbur and the Karyolung; Cho Oyu (8,201 meters); the Gyachungkang; the Pumori and Nuptse (over 7,000 meters) and Mount Everest, the highest peak in the entire range. Mount Everest, called Sagarmatha by the Nepalese and Chomolungma by the Tibetans, is 8,848 meters high. Tour organized by Nepal Social Travel and Tour through several airlines. Window seat guaranteed for all and airport tax included. Duration 1 hour. Cancellation up to 24 hours in advance and full refund. Info and booking of the tour.
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